Guru Gobind Singh Ji
was the tenth
guru of Sikhs. He was born in 1666 at Patna (Capital of Bihar, India). In 1675 Pundits from Kashmir in India
came to Anandpur Sahib pleading to
Guru Teg Bhadur Ji (Father of Guru
Gobind Singh Ji) about Aurangzeb forcing
them to convert to Islam. Guru
Teg Bahadur told them that
martyrdom of a great man was
needed. His son, Guru Gobind Singh Ji
said "Who could be greater than
you", to his father. Guru Teg Bahadur Ji told pundits to tell Aurangzeb's men
that if Guru Teg Bahadur Ji will
become Muslim, they all will. Guru Teg
Bahadur Ji was then martyred in
Delhi, but before that he assigned
Guru Gobind Singh Ji as 10th Guru at age of 9. After becoming Guru he
commanded Sikhs to be armed. He
fought many battles with Aurangzeb
and some other Kings of that time, but
always winner. In 1699 he created the Khalsa panth, by giving amrit to sikhs. In 1704 he fought the great battle with collective
forces of Aurangzeb, Wazir Khan
(Chief of Sarhind), and other kings. He
left Anandpur and went to Chamkaur
with only 40 sikhs. There he fought
the Battle of Chamkaur with 40 sikhs, vastly outnumbered by the Mughal
soldiers. His two elder sons (at ages
17, 15) were martyred there. Wazir
Khan killed other two (ages 9, 6).
Guru Ji sent Aurangzeb the Zafarnamah (Notification of Victory). Then he went to Nanded
(Maharashtra, India). From there he made Baba Gurbakhash Singh, also
aliased as Baba Banda Singh Bahadur,
as his general and sent him to Punjab. On the evening of the day when Baba
Gurbakhash Singh left for Punjab,
Guru Gobind Singh was visited by two
Muslim soldiers. One of them was
commissioned by Wazir Khan, Subedar of Sirhind, to assassinate
Guru Gobind Singh. One of the
assailants, Bashal Beg, kept a vigil
outside the Guru's tent while Jamshed
Khan, a hired assassin, stabbed the
Guru twice. Khan was killed in one stroke by the Guru, while those
outside, alerted by the tumult, killed
Beg. Although the wound was sewn
up the following day, the Guru died in Nanded, Maharashtra, India in 1708.[11] Shortly before passing away Guru
Gobind Singh Ji ordered that the Guru Granth Sahib (the Sikh Holy Scripture), would be the ultimate spiritual
authority for the Sikhs and temporal
authority would be vested in the Khalsa Panth – the Sikh Nation. The first Sikh Holy Scripture was compiled
and edited by the Fifth Guru, Guru
Arjan in AD 1604, although some of
the earlier gurus are also known to
have documented their revelations.
This is one of the few scriptures in the world that has been compiled by the
founders of a faith during their own
lifetime. The Guru Granth Sahib is
particularly unique among sacred
texts in that it is written in Gurmukhi script but contains many languages
including Punjabi, Hindi-Urdu, Sanskrit, Bhojpuri, Assamese and Persian. Sikhs consider the Guru Granth Sahib the last, perpetual living
guru.
guru of Sikhs. He was born in 1666 at Patna (Capital of Bihar, India). In 1675 Pundits from Kashmir in India
came to Anandpur Sahib pleading to
Guru Teg Bhadur Ji (Father of Guru
Gobind Singh Ji) about Aurangzeb forcing
them to convert to Islam. Guru
Teg Bahadur told them that
martyrdom of a great man was
needed. His son, Guru Gobind Singh Ji
said "Who could be greater than
you", to his father. Guru Teg Bahadur Ji told pundits to tell Aurangzeb's men
that if Guru Teg Bahadur Ji will
become Muslim, they all will. Guru Teg
Bahadur Ji was then martyred in
Delhi, but before that he assigned
Guru Gobind Singh Ji as 10th Guru at age of 9. After becoming Guru he
commanded Sikhs to be armed. He
fought many battles with Aurangzeb
and some other Kings of that time, but
always winner. In 1699 he created the Khalsa panth, by giving amrit to sikhs. In 1704 he fought the great battle with collective
forces of Aurangzeb, Wazir Khan
(Chief of Sarhind), and other kings. He
left Anandpur and went to Chamkaur
with only 40 sikhs. There he fought
the Battle of Chamkaur with 40 sikhs, vastly outnumbered by the Mughal
soldiers. His two elder sons (at ages
17, 15) were martyred there. Wazir
Khan killed other two (ages 9, 6).
Guru Ji sent Aurangzeb the Zafarnamah (Notification of Victory). Then he went to Nanded
(Maharashtra, India). From there he made Baba Gurbakhash Singh, also
aliased as Baba Banda Singh Bahadur,
as his general and sent him to Punjab. On the evening of the day when Baba
Gurbakhash Singh left for Punjab,
Guru Gobind Singh was visited by two
Muslim soldiers. One of them was
commissioned by Wazir Khan, Subedar of Sirhind, to assassinate
Guru Gobind Singh. One of the
assailants, Bashal Beg, kept a vigil
outside the Guru's tent while Jamshed
Khan, a hired assassin, stabbed the
Guru twice. Khan was killed in one stroke by the Guru, while those
outside, alerted by the tumult, killed
Beg. Although the wound was sewn
up the following day, the Guru died in Nanded, Maharashtra, India in 1708.[11] Shortly before passing away Guru
Gobind Singh Ji ordered that the Guru Granth Sahib (the Sikh Holy Scripture), would be the ultimate spiritual
authority for the Sikhs and temporal
authority would be vested in the Khalsa Panth – the Sikh Nation. The first Sikh Holy Scripture was compiled
and edited by the Fifth Guru, Guru
Arjan in AD 1604, although some of
the earlier gurus are also known to
have documented their revelations.
This is one of the few scriptures in the world that has been compiled by the
founders of a faith during their own
lifetime. The Guru Granth Sahib is
particularly unique among sacred
texts in that it is written in Gurmukhi script but contains many languages
including Punjabi, Hindi-Urdu, Sanskrit, Bhojpuri, Assamese and Persian. Sikhs consider the Guru Granth Sahib the last, perpetual living
guru.
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